11/21/2023 0 Comments Airfoil airplaneClark in 1922 įigure 13. Munk M-6 airfoil proposed by M.M. Joukowsky in 1912 įigure 6. RAF-6 airfoil proposed by RAF in 1912 įigure 7. RAF-15 airfoil proposed by RAF in 1915 įigure 8. USA-6 airfoil proposed by NACA in 1917 įigure 9. USA-27 airfoil proposed by NACA in 1919 įigure 10. Göttingen-398 airfoil proposed by Germany in 1919 įigure 11. Göttingen-387 airfoil proposed by Germany in 1919 įigure 12. Clark Y airfoil proposed by V.E. Bleriot in 1909 įigure 5. Airfoil shapes invented by N. Lilienthal in 1894 įigure 3. Typical airfoils tested by the Wright Brothersduring 1902-1903 įigure 4. Airfoils invented by L. Phillips (No.1 to No.6 were proposed in 1884, No.7 was proposed in 1891) įigure 2. Some typical airfoils proposed by O. With the strong need of developing future aircrafts and other aerodynamics-related equipments, a general trend of developing new-generation airfoils is to achieve better multidisciplinary performance when flying at wider speed ranges, larger airspace and multi-physics enviroments or intelligent morphing, which presents great challenges for numerical simulations, design optimization, and experimental validations.įigure 1. Double-surface airfoils proposed by H.F. Future challenges as well as research directions are presented as the outcome of this review. This article focuses on reviewing the recent progress on airfoil research after a brief review of over 100 years’ history of airfoil research and development. In the 21 st century, high-fidelity numerical simulations, multi-objective multi-constraint optimization, flow instability analysis theory and transition prediction methods, and experimental testing techniques have been advanced progressively, which places a sound base for the development of new-generation airfoils. A large number of airfoil families, such as RAE, DVL, NACA, and TsAGI, either for general purpose or for particular types of aircrafts flying at different speed regimes, as well as airfoil families dedicated to helicopter rotors, propeller blades, and wing-turbine blades have been developed. ![]() Since the invention of the first aircraft in the early 20th century, each breakthrough in airfoil research has dramatically promoted the upgrading of a better-performance aircraft. Airfoils, which are the cross-section profiles of aircraft wings and tails, missile fins, helicopter rotor blades, and wind turbine propellers, play a particularly important role in determining the aerodynamic and overall performance.
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